Internal-combustion motor.



i. D. BLAYNEY.

INTERNALCOMBUSTION MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 29. 1916 1,243,691..

Patented 001;. 23, 1917 UNTE TA rnn cn.

JAMES :0. BLAYNEY, on 'rononro, ammo;- CANADA.

mT'EnnAn-ooiuBUsT'IoN MOTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent; Patfitefl (hat;

Application filed March 29; 1916. Serial No. 87,550.

v To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JAMES D. B AxNEY, of the city of Toronto, in thecounty of York, Province of Ontario, Canada, a subject of the" King ofGreat Britain, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inInternal-Combustion Motors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates particularly to internal combustion motors of themulti-cylinder type in which all the cylinders are operatively connectedwith the same crank and preferably rotate about the shaft, and my objectis to devise an engine in which the thrust of the connecting rods duringthe explosion strokes of the motor is more nearly parallelto the axes oftheir cylinders than in the ordinary motor, and to provide in suchamotor a balanced, positivelyad tuated, slide valve system adapted forhigh differentv figures.

I show the motor arrangedso that the cylinders rotate and the crankshaft remains" stationary, but the improved construction is applicableto a case in which the cylinders are held from rotation while the'crankI shaft rotates.

1 is the crank shaft, whichis made hollow as shown for the introductionof the combustible mixture into the 'crank'case 2;

8 is the crank, which is common to all the cylinders. I employ aplurality of cylinders 4 equally spaced about the crank case. The crankcase is preferably formed as a hollow cylinder and its axis iscoincident with the axis of the crank shaft.

The curved periphery of the crank case is provided with an opening foreach cylinder surrounded by a threaded collar 5. Into these collars theinner ends of the cylinders are screwed as shown. It will be noted thatthe axes of the cylinders are not radial I to the axis of the crankshaft as is usually the case, but are tangential to a-small circlehaving its center in the axis of the crank shaft. The radius of thiscircle, it will be noted, is not quite equalto the throw of the crank.

Each cylinder is provided with a piston 6 connected by .means ofa'connectingrod 7 with the crank 3. The result of the peculiar settingof the cylinders relative to the crankshaft is that during the explosionstroke of each cylinder the connecting: rod of that particular, cylinderremains much more nearly parallelto the axis of theeyl inder than. withthe ordinary arrangement glving a much more direct and effective thrustaga nstthe crank wlthless side thrust on the pistonz 'k It will be.noted leverage of the crank increases much more rapidly after thecrankfpasses the dead'cen ter than in the ordinary construction with theaxis of eachcylinder intersecting the axis of the crank shaft and; holdswell" through the stroke. The arrangement alsol enables me to moreeasily introduce and operate slide-valves for the contrbl of the pistonports than with the ordinary radial arrangement' 1 f The slide valves Iemploy are operated from the cam shafts 8 suitablyjournaled on the crankcase and each' providedjwith a gear wheel 9 meshingwith the gear'wheelass-that the effective lO'fastonthe crank shaft. Eachcylinde'r isprovided with an inlet port 11 andout let or exhaust port 12,'and"elachis con trolled a similar valve. Each valvecom prises two slides adaptedto move independ- .ently" of one another. A "preferredfcon stru'ction'isshow'n'in which one slide 13 is formed; of a rectangular frame with anopen ing therein and the other of two plates 1'4 13. The slides'are'h'eldin lace by the cap- 15, andsuitable grooves for the receptionsuitably connected and embracing theframe of the slides are formedbetween this cap and the cylinder about the port which the valvecontrols.

Each slide is provided with a connecting rod 16 by which it may beoperated. These connecting rods are provided at their inner ends withprojections 17 preferably formed as anti-friction rollers. Theseprojections engage the cam grooves 18 formed in a cam disk 19 secured toone of the. cam shafts 8.

Itavill be noted that the cam grooves are similar but are set indiametrically opposite positlons so that the slides are simultaneouslyreciprocated in opposite directions.

The result of this is that to obtain a given valve opening the cam throwis half of What it would beif a single valve were used, so that aquiclcopening of the valve to a sutlicient area may be obtained with avery small throw in any one cam groove. Each cam groove is so figuredthat the movement of the slides takes place during a relatively smallproportion of one revolution of the,

cam shaft, so that there is no movement of theslides when anyconsiderable pressure exists in a cylinder.

From the construction described it'will be seen that each slide valve iscompletely balanced, the movements of the two parts of each taking placesimultaneously in opposite directions, and the slides with theiroperating parts being of substantially the same weight. As thevalvesmove, the sur faces which are exposed to the hot gases during theexplosion stroke move up behind other surfaces during the exhaust andsuc tion strokes, so thatthe valve surfaces are constantly rubbed cleanand accumulations of carbon are entirely prevented.

If the motor is to be used with the cylinders rotating each cylinderwill be provided with the usual air cooling ribs and the exhaust Will bedirect to the atmosphere. The combustiblemixture is led from the crankcase to the inlet valves by means of the intake pipes 20. Each cylinderwill be provided with suitable spark plug 21 for ignition. A sleeve 22bolted to the crank case serves as a shaft for the transmission ofpower.

What I claim as my invention is '1. In a multi-cylinder internalcombustion motor, the combination of a crank casvided with a crank; aplurality of equally spaced cylinders set with their axes tangential toa circle having the crank shaft as a center; a piston for each cylinder;a connecting rod for each. piston connecting the same with the crank; acam shaft for each cylinder crossing the crank casing adjacent the sideof the cylinder closest to a radial plane intersecting the axis of thecrank shaft and parallel to the axis of the cylinder,

mg; crank shaft journaled therein pro 1,2as,ce1

said cam shafts being geared to the crank shaft; an exhaust cam and airinlet cam on each of said cam shafts within the crank case; an inlet andan exhaust valve on the same side of each cylinder as the cam shaft andcams for such cylinder; and valve rods extending through the crankcasing for op eration by said cams.

2. In a multi-cylinder internal combustion motor, the combination of acrank casing; a crank shaft journaled therein provided with a crank; aplurality of equally spaced cylinders set with their axes tangential toa circle having the crank shaft a center, each cylinder projecting intothe easing; a piston for each cylinder; a connecting rod for each pistonconnecting the same with the crank; a cam shaft for each cylindercrossing the crank casing'adjacent the side of the cylinder closest to aradial plane intersecting the axis of'the crank shaft and parallel tothe axis of the cylinder, said cam shafts being geared to the crankshaft; an exhaustcamand an inlet cam on each of said'cam shafts-withinthe crank case; an inlet and an exhaust valve on the same side of eachcylinder as the cam shaft and cams for such cylinder; and valve rodsextending through the crank casing for operation by said'cams. 1 I r 3.In a multi-cylinder internal combustion motor, the combination of acylindrical crank casing having an opening in' the curved periphery foreach cylinder, said openings being equally spaced and each provided withan internally threaded collar having its axis tangential to a circlehaving its center in the crank shaft of the motor; and a plurality ofcylinders each threaded externally and screwed into one of said col larsand projecting within the crank case, the inner end of each cylinderbeing not on a bevel so that the cylinder Wall is short est at the sidemost nearly radial to the axis of the crank shaft.

Signed at Toronto, Canada, this 21st day 7 of March 1916, inthe presenceof the two undersigned witnesses.

Gno. P. Maoxni, N. R. TYNDALL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Gjcmmissioner or Eatents,

Washington, 13 C.

